Understanding Posterior Arthrodesis
A Modern Approach to Spine Stabilization
What is Posterior Arthrodesis?
Posterior arthrodesis is a type of spinal fusion surgery performed from the back (posterior) of the spine. It involves joining two or more vertebrae to eliminate motion between them. This helps stabilize the spine and relieve pain caused by conditions such as instability, degeneration, or deformity. The fusion is achieved using bone grafts and may include implants or devices that support bone growth and maintain proper alignment.
Why is it Performed?
Your provider may recommend posterior arthrodesis if you have:
- Degenerative disc disease
- Spinal instability or deformity
- Spondylolisthesis (slipped vertebra)
- Spinal fractures
- Chronic back or leg pain that hasn’t improved with conservative treatments
The procedure can help:
- Reduce or eliminate back and/or leg pain
- Stabilize and realign the spine
- Prevent further degeneration or nerve compression
- Improve mobility and daily function
Minimally Invasive Options
In many cases, minimally invasive techniques may be used. These approaches limit soft tissue disruption and can often be done through a small incision. Instead of using traditional rods and screws, the surgeon may use specialized implants that are placed between the bones at the back of the spine to provide support and encourage fusion. These options may lead to less blood loss, reduced pain, and a faster recovery. Not every patient is a candidate, and your care team will determine what approach is most appropriate for you.
What to Expect Before, During, and After Surgery
- Before Surgery:
- Imaging (X-ray, MRI, or CT scan) will be reviewed to guide the procedure
- You’ll meet with your surgeon to discuss risks, benefits, and surgical planning
- You may need to adjust medications or temporarily change your daily routine
- During Surgery:
- Performed under general or regional anesthesia
- The surgeon accesses your spine from the back
- A stabilizing device and bone graft material are placed to promote bone growth and fusion
- After Surgery:
- You will have activity restrictions for about 6 to 8 weeks (no bending, lifting, or twisting)
- Physical therapy often begins early to support movement and recovery
- Recovery time varies, but many patients see improvement in pain and mobility within weeks to months
- Follow-up appointments and imaging will monitor your progress
Risks and Considerations
All surgeries carry some risks. These may include:
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Nerve injury
- Nonunion (failure of bones to fuse properly)
- Need for additional surgery
Your care team will take precautions to reduce these risks and ensure the safest outcome possible.
Your Role in Recovery
Successful recovery depends on your commitment to the post-operative plan. To help the fusion heal properly:
- Follow all instructions from your surgical team
- Attend scheduled follow-up appointments
- Stay active within recommended limits
- Eat a healthy diet that supports bone healing (high in calcium, protein, and vitamin D)
- Avoid smoking or nicotine, which can slow or prevent bone healing
Have Questions?
If you are considering posterior arthrodesis, we are here to guide you through each step. Contact us to schedule a consultation and learn more about your treatment options.